substantiveadj.独立的；真实的；持久的；本质的；名词性的；大量的；规定义务与责任的；实质的n.作名词用的词或词组substantive equality实质平等substantive evidence[法] 主证据, 可确定系争事实存在的证据substantive approach证实方法substantive impedance直接阻抗substantive universal实体普遍特征substantive agreement实质性的协议substantive variation[植], [动]实质性变异substantive servicing实质服务substantive provision实质性规定substantive guideline实质性方针