Mangrove forests replace salt marsh in tropical regions and support a rich fauna. 红树林在热带区域取代了盐水沼泽，并且支持了丰富的动物区系。
Extinction and colonization account for the depauperate flora and fauna of islands when compared to the adjacent mainland. 当与邻近大陆对照的时候，灭绝和移殖过程说明了岛屿植物区系和动物区系的衰亡。
