It increases the energy levels of participating molecules, and hence raises their reactivity, often by raising electrons to an excited state. 它增加了反应物分子的能量水平，通过把反应物分子由常态转变为活化状态而提高了反应物分子的活力。
Like runners passing the baton, the phosphate-tagged enzymes become activated from a dormant state and stimulate the activity of transcription factors. 就像接力赛跑选手交棒一般，标记上磷酸分子的酵素会从不活化态变成活化态，并且刺激转录因子的活性。
