问题标题:
英语名词词组的构成,论文形式
问题描述:

英语名词词组的构成,论文形式

欧阳刘彬回答:
  文章1:   Beforewegoanyfurther,let'sremindourselvesofwhatannounphraseis.Mydefinitionis:   Anounphraseiseitherapronounoranygroupofwordsthatcanbereplacedbyapronoun.Forexample,'they','cars',and'thecars'arenounphrases,but'car'isjustanoun,asyoucanseeinthesesentences(inwhichthenounphrasesareallinbold)   Q:Doyoulikecars?   A:Yes,Ilikethem.   Q:Doyoulikethecarsoverthere?   A:Yes,theyarenice.   Q:DoyoulikethecarIboughtlastweek?   A:Yes,Ilikeit.(Note:'It'refersto'thecar',not'car')   Ifyouarealittlepuzzledatthispoint,tryandthinkofsomefurtherexamplesofnounphrasesusingthedefinitionabove,andcompareyourexampleswithsimplenouns.   Thestructureofnounphrases.   ...   ...   ...   全文见:   ---------------------------------------------------------------   文章2:   Noticethatseveralformsclassescanbe"reused."Forexample,inthenounphraseitispossibletousequantifierstofunctionaspre-determinersoraspost-determiners.Thiskindof"recycling"isknownasrecursion.Noticealsothatphrasesandevenwholeclausescanbe"recycled"intothenounphrase.Thisprocessofplacingaphraseofclausewithinanotherphraseofclauseiscalledembedding.Itisthroughtheprocessesofrecursionandembeddingthatweareabletotakeafinitenumberofforms(wordsandphrases)andconstructaninfinitenumberofexpressions.Furthermore,embeddingalsoallowsustoconstructaninfinitelylongstructure,intheoryanyway.   全文见:   ---------------------------------------------------------------   文章3:   Nounphrasesnormallyconsistofaheadnoun,whichisoptionallymodified("premodified"Ifthemodifierisplacedbeforethenoun;"postmodified"ifthemodifierisplacedafterthenoun).Possiblemodifiersinclude:   determiners:articles(the,a),demonstratives(this,that),numerals(two,five,etc.),possessives(my,their,etc.),andquantifiers(some,many,etc.).InEnglish,determinersareusuallyplacedbeforethenoun;   adjectives(theredball);or   complements,intheformofaprepositionalphrase(suchas:thestudentofphysics),oraThat-clause(theclaimthattheearthisround);   modifiers;premodifiersifplacedbeforethenounandusuallyeitherasnouns(theuniversitystudent)oradjectives(thebeautifullady),orpostmodifiersifplacedafterthenoun.Apostmodifiermaybeeitheraprepositionalphrase(themanwithlonghair)orarelativeclause(thehousewhereIlive).Thedifferencebetweenmodifiersandcomplementsisthatcomplementscompletethemeaningofthenoun;complementsarenecessary,whereasmodifiersareoptionalbecausetheyjustgiveadditionalinformationaboutthenoun.   Thatnounphrasescanbeheadedbyelementsotherthannouns—forinstance,pronouns(Theycame)ordeterminers((I'lltakethese))—hasgivenrisetothepostulationofaDeterminer   全文见:
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